Plagiarism Policy
Plagiarism and Similarity Check Policy
Nomira: Journal of Economics, Management, and Business is committed to maintaining the highest standards of academic integrity and publication ethics. All submitted manuscripts must represent original works and must be free from plagiarism, data fabrication, falsification, duplicate publication, and other forms of academic misconduct.
The journal follows the principles of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and applies strict measures to prevent plagiarism and unethical publication practices.
Similarity Screening and Similarity Threshold
Every manuscript submitted to Nomira: Journal of Economics, Management, and Business will undergo similarity screening using Turnitin or other reliable plagiarism detection software before entering the peer-review process.
The similarity screening aims to identify possible plagiarism, excessive text overlap, inappropriate paraphrasing, missing citations, and other forms of academic misconduct.
| Similarity ≤ 15% Generally considered acceptable. The manuscript may proceed to editorial assessment if proper citation and academic writing standards are fulfilled. |
Similarity 16–25% The manuscript will be returned to the authors for revision, improvement of paraphrasing, and correction of citation practices before further processing. |
| Similarity 26–40% The manuscript requires substantial revision. The Editorial Board may reject the submission if the similarity originates from unattributed or inappropriate text overlap. |
Similarity > 40% The manuscript is considered to have a high risk of plagiarism and may be rejected without entering the peer-review process. |
The Editorial Board does not evaluate manuscripts solely based on similarity percentages. Editorial decisions consider the context of matched text, citation accuracy, originality of ideas, and overall compliance with publication ethics.
| ✔ Initial similarity screening is conducted by the Editorial Office before peer review. | ✔ Additional similarity checks may be conducted during revision and after acceptance. |
| ✔ Manuscripts that violate academic integrity standards may be rejected, withdrawn, or subjected to further editorial action. | |
Forms of Plagiarism and Academic Misconduct
Nomira considers the following practices as forms of plagiarism or publication misconduct:
| ✔ Direct plagiarism — copying words, sentences, paragraphs, or ideas from other sources without appropriate acknowledgment. | ✔ Self-plagiarism — reusing substantial parts of an author's previously published work without proper disclosure or citation. |
| ✔ Improper paraphrasing — modifying sentences or changing words without providing proper attribution to the original source. | ✔ Uncited materials — using figures, tables, concepts, datasets, or illustrations without appropriate permission or acknowledgment. |
| ✔ Data fabrication — creating false research data or reporting results that were never obtained. | ✔ Data falsification — manipulating, changing, or omitting research data to influence findings or conclusions. |
| ✔ Citation manipulation — excessive, irrelevant, or inappropriate citation practices intended to influence citation metrics. | ✔ Duplicate or simultaneous submission — submitting the same manuscript to multiple journals at the same time. |
Editorial Actions
If plagiarism, unethical practices, or serious violations of publication ethics are identified, the Editorial Board of Nomira may take appropriate actions according to the severity of the misconduct.
| ✔ Request the authors to revise improper citations, quotations, or paraphrasing. | ✔ Reject manuscripts that fail to meet originality and publication ethics requirements. |
| ✔ Reject manuscripts before or after peer review when serious misconduct is confirmed. | ✔ Retract published articles if plagiarism or major ethical violations are discovered after publication. |
| ✔ Contact the author's institution or relevant parties when necessary. | ✔ Suspend future submissions from authors involved in serious publication misconduct. |
Authors' Responsibilities
Authors submitting manuscripts to Nomira are responsible for ensuring that their work complies with ethical standards of academic publishing and research integrity.
| ✔ Submit only original manuscripts that have not been published or submitted elsewhere. | ✔ Properly acknowledge all sources, references, ideas, and materials used in the manuscript. |
| ✔ Use quotation marks and appropriate citations when directly quoting other authors' works. | ✔ Obtain permission when using copyrighted materials such as figures, tables, or instruments. |
| ✔ Ensure that research data, findings, and conclusions are reported honestly, transparently, and responsibly. | |
A high similarity index does not automatically indicate plagiarism, and a low similarity index does not always guarantee originality. The Editorial Board evaluates every similarity report carefully by considering the nature of matched text, citation practices, research originality, and compliance with publication ethics.
Commitment to Research Integrity
Nomira: Journal of Economics, Management, and Business is committed to promoting responsible research practices and maintaining the highest standards of academic honesty, transparency, and integrity. Through systematic similarity screening and ethical publication procedures, the journal ensures that every published article contributes to the advancement of knowledge in economics, management, and business studies.
